John Locke’s Philosophy as a Teaching about Human and their Behavior

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i20.249594

Keywords:

Locke, anthropology, rationality, scientific revolution, ethics, religion, God

Abstract

Purpose. The article is aimed to outline Locke’s position on the basic principles of proper human behavior. Its implementation involves: a) review of the research literature concerning the place of anthropological motive in philosophizing and b) research of his interpretation of human nature and the role of the rational component. Theoretical basis. The author’s approach is based on the conceptual provisions of phenomenology and existentialism. Originality. The work considers the teaching of Locke as the author of the original concept of human nature, which is closely related to the understanding of ethical issues. It is proved that its meaningful development involves the identification of the main components of human nature in the process of determining the basic principles of personality behavior. The original conception of the thinker on the irrational component of human nature and the ways of its rationalization is analyzed. Conclusions. It is substantiated that Locke’s philosophical heritage is not reduced to depersonalized empiricism as epistemology, and his teaching about human is not limited to the abstract study of their rational component. The thinker connects the request of his own epoch with the new vision of human and the basic principles of their behavior on the basis of rationality. Locke is looking for the ways to master the irrational component of human nature and is convinced that in the era of the scientific revolution, the basis of human behavior should be rationality. Locke considers human freedom to be one of the key moments of human nature.

References

Cvek, P. P. (2012). 3.17 John Locke on the Relationship between God and Morality. Ultimate Reality and Meaning, 35(3-4), 260-285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/uram.35.3-4.260 (in English)

Haakonssen, K. (2000). Divine/natural law theories in ethics. In D. Garber & M. Ayers (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy (Vol. 2, pp. 1317-1357). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521572330.009 (in English)

Hardy, J. (2020). A Defense of Locke’s Moral Epistemology. Locke Studies, 20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5206/ls.2020.8249 (in English)

Locke, J. (1824a). The Works of John Locke: An Essay concerning Human Understanding (12th ed., Vol. 1). London: Rivington. (in English)

Locke, J. (1824b). The Works of John Locke: An Essay concerning Human Understanding (12th ed., Vol. 2). London: Rivington. (in English)

Locke, J. (1824c). The Works of John Locke: Some Thoughts concerning Education (12th ed., Vol. 8). London: Rivington. (in English)

Locke, J. (1985). Sochineniya (A. N. Savin, Trans., Vol. 1). Moscow: Mysl. (in Russian)

Locke, J. (2002a). Rozvidka pro liudske rozuminnia: Pro nepryrodzhenist pryntsypiv ta idei (N. Bordukova, Trans., Vol. 1). "Akta". (in Ukrainian)

Locke, J. (2002b). Rozvidka pro liudske rozuminnia: Pro idei (N. Bordukova, Trans., Vol. 2). "Akta". (in Ukrainian)

Locke, J. (2002c). Rozvidka pro liudske rozuminnia: Pro znannia i ymovirnist (N. Bordukova, Trans., Vol. 4). "Akta". (in Ukrainian)

Malivskyi, A. M. (2019). Unknown Descartes: Anthropological Dimension of Rene Descartes’ Philosophical Searching. Dnipro: Herda. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15802/978-617-7639-22-9 (in Ukrainian)

Malivskyi, A. M. (2020). Descartes’ metaphysics as a doctrine of the conditions of the self-development of personality. Multiversum. Philosophical almanac, 1(2), 51-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35423/2078-8142.2020.1.2.04 (in Ukrainian)

Motroshilova, N. (1983). Uchenie o cheloveke v filosofii epokhi rannikh burzhuaznykh revolyutsiy. In Filosofiya epokhi rannikh burzhuaznykh revolyutsiy. Moscow: Nauka. (in Russian)

Russell, B. (2016). History of Western philosophy and its connection with political and social circumstances from the earliest times to the present day. George Allen & Unwin Ltd. (in English)

Schouls, P. (2018). Reasoned freedom: John Locke and enlightenment. Cornell University Press. (in English)

Wilson, C. (2007). The Moral epistemology in Locke’s Essay. In L. Newman (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Locke’s 'Essay Concerning Human Understanding' (pp. 381-405). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/ccol0521834333.014 (in English)

Downloads

Published

2021-12-28

How to Cite

Shvetsova, M. B. (2021). John Locke’s Philosophy as a Teaching about Human and their Behavior. Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, (20), 134–141. https://doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i20.249594

Issue

No. 20 (2021)

Section

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).