The Idea of the "Self-Made Man" and the Philosophy of Postmodernism

Abstract

Purpose. This study explores the underestimated potential of postmodern philosophy to understand a modern human and their priorities, particularly through the interpretation of the idea of the "self-made man" (an individual who creates oneself). Through a comparative analysis, the paper examines the conceptualization of human formation as a self-made man in the Enlightenment era and postmodernity context. Theoretical basis. The study is based on analytical and generalizing methods, as well as the works of M. Foucault, J. Baudrillard, J.-F. Lyotard, U. Eco, etc. Originality. Despite the claims regarding narrow opportunities for individual self-determination in postmodernity, the ideal of the "self-made man" remains an integral component of philosophical reflection. It is demonstrated that the postmodern delegitimation of Enlightenment metanarratives entails the rejection of metaphysical discourse. Within this framework, metanarratives gradually lose their appeal, while individuals are increasingly compelled to rely on themselves and independently determine their priorities. People act regardless of their social status, define the goals and sense of their existence, and choose the means of achieving them. The process of becoming a person unfolds in social transformations, the growing complexity of democratic institutions, and the emancipation of individuals seeking to make their lives more meaningful. Conclusions. The search for human emancipation encompasses several stages of social and mental development through self-determination and self-realization, where new attempts to reveal human creative potential emerge. Despite the diversity of approaches, postmodern philosophy demonstrates that the idea capable of uniting humanity lies in the aspiration toward a full existence of the individual as a self-sufficient being. Such understanding of personality, experience, and uniqueness creates more favorable conditions for the formation and realization of one’s own concept of the "self-made man".